Artist

Dr. Dre

Andre Young, rap producer

Compton, United States • b. 1965

Dr. Dre is a musician from Compton, United States, active since 1965. Their discography on Gatefold includes 21 records.

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Albums tracked

353

In collections

1965

Since

Biography

Andre Romell Young (born February 18, 1965), known professionally as Dr. Dre, is an American rapper, record producer, record executive, and actor. He is the founder and CEO of Aftermath Entertainment and Beats Electronics, and a co-founder of Death Row Records. He began his career in 1984 as a member of the World Class Wreckin' Cru and later gained prominence as a founding member of the hip hop group N.W.A alongside Eazy-E, Ice Cube, and Arabian Prince.

The Arc of Dr. Dre

The pivots — what forced Dr. Dre to reinvent.

The Noise of the Street
From 1987 to 1991, the sound was chaotic, dense, and frantic. Working with DJ Yella, he layered dozens of samples from Funkadelic, ESG, and public speeches on an E-mu SP-1200 to create the claustrophobic wall of sound behind N.W.A. It was fast and abrasive. You can hear the panic of the era on Straight Outta Compton, where the samples fight each other for space in the mix. It was punk rock made with a sampler, designed to break car speakers and anger the FBI.
The G-Funk Blueprint
By 1992, he changed everything by abandoning sample-heavy collage for live instrumentation. He left Ruthless Records for Death Row, brought in studio musicians like Colin Wolfe and Mike Elizondo, and recreated old Parliament-Funkadelic grooves from scratch to avoid massive sample clearance fees. The result was The Chronic. This record slowed the tempo down to ninety beats per minute, introduced the whiny Moog synthesizer line, and put Snoop Dogg's laid-back drawl front and center. It changed hip-hop from a New York street fight to a lazy California drive.
The Precision Era
After quitting the drama at Death Row to start Aftermath, he spent years in a creative slump before completely rebuilding his sound for 1999's 2001. He ditched the lazy G-Funk synths for dry, sparse, mathematical percussion and plucked pizzicato strings. Working with co-producer Mel-Man, he recorded everything live to analog tape before dumping it into Pro Tools for agonizing edits. The snare on Still D.R.E. is so clean it hurts. This was the blueprint that launched Eminem and 50 Cent into global pop dominance.

Influences

Parliament-Funkadelic — George Clinton's basslines are the literal foundation of the G-Funk sound. He sampled Funkadelic's (Not Just) Knee Deep on N.W.A's Fuck tha Police, and later had musicians interpolate Parliament's Mothership Connection on Let Me Ride. You can hear Clinton's loose, heavy groove buried inside almost every track he produced in the early nineties.
Kraftwerk — The German electronic pioneers shaped his early electro-rap days in the mid-eighties. He sampled their track Trans-Europe Express on the World Class Wreckin' Cru's Planet Force. That robotic, heavy electronic drum pattern stuck with him when he transitioned to rap beats, giving his early N.W.A tracks a stiff, driving pulse.
Isaac Hayes — The cinematic soul of Hayes gave him the blueprint for dark, dramatic orchestration. He sampled Hayes's Ike's Mood I on the Mary J. Blige hit Family Affair and used parts of The Look of Love throughout his career. You hear it in the way he uses dramatic piano stabs and tense string sections to build suspense before a beat drops.
The Soul Searchers — This 1970s funk group provided the most famous drum break in West Coast hip-hop history. Their track Ashley's Roachclip contains the clean, rolling drum loop that he used to power N.W.A's Alwayz Into Somethin' and several other early productions. He took their organic soul groove and EQ'ed the low end until it rattled trunk lids.
Leon Haywood — The entire hook and groove of Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang was lifted directly from Haywood's 1975 soul track I Want'a Do Something Freaky to You. He did not just sample the record; he had his studio musicians replay the exact bassline and synth line to make it hit harder in a modern stereo. It is the single most important musical source code for the entire G-Funk era.